The core working principle of the electromagnetic pulse valve is to achieve millisecond-level rapid opening and closing through the air pressure difference
between the gas chambers before and after the diaphragm, in cooperation with the electric signal control of the electromagnetic pilot head, so as to instantaneously
release high-pressure compressed air to form a pulse air flow. It is the core control component of the ash cleaning system for baghouse dust collectors.
Basic Core Structure
It is mainly composed of an electromagnetic pilot head, a diaphragm, a valve body, a spring and an orifice:
The diaphragm completely divides the interior of the valve body into two independent air chambers, namely the front chamber and the rear chamber.
The force-bearing area of the rear air chamber is larger than that of the front one, and the valve remains closed under normal conditions relying on the air pressure
difference.
The electromagnetic pilot head is responsible for receiving the electrical signal from the pulse jet control instrument, driving the internal moving column to operate,
and controlling the opening and closing of the unloading hole of the rear air chamber.
Complete Working Process
Closed Standby State
Compressed air slowly enters the rear air chamber through the orifice on the valve body, causing the pressure in the rear air chamber to rise rapidly. This pushes the
diaphragm to tightly press against the outlet of the valve, keeping the valve in a fully sealed closed state. At this moment, the high-pressure gas in the air bag will
not spray outward.
Initiated Jetting State
The pulse jet control instrument sends an instantaneous electrical signal. The electromagnetic pilot head is energized to attract the moving column, instantly opening
the unloading orifice of the rear air chamber. The high-pressure gas in the rear air chamber is quickly discharged for pressure relief, creating a huge pressure difference
across the diaphragm. The high-pressure gas in the front air chamber directly jacks up the diaphragm, fully opening the valve. The compressed air in the air bag sprays
out from the outlet at an extremely high speed, forming a powerful dedusting pulse airflow.
Reset and Closed State
The electrical signal disappears instantaneously. The spring inside the electromagnetic pilot head pushes the moving column to reset, re-sealing the unloading orifice of
the rear air chamber. Compressed air enters the rear air chamber through the orifice again, and the pressure in the rear air chamber quickly rises back. Under the
combined action of air pressure and the spring, the diaphragm re-adheres tightly to the outlet, the valve closes immediately, and one complete pulse jetting process
ends.
Principle Differences Among Different Types
Right-angle Type: The inlet and outlet form a 90° included angle, offering excellent airflow smoothness. It is directly installed between the air bag and the jet pipe,
making it the most commonly used type.
Straight-through Type: The inlet and outlet are on the same straight line (180°), enabling more convenient installation. It is mostly used in air-box pulse dust collectors,
with the drawback that the resistance of airflow passing through the valve body is relatively large.
Submerged Type: The air inlet is directly submerged inside the air bag, resulting in lower airflow resistance and stronger jetting force during the jetting process. It is
suitable for dedusting working conditions with large-diameter and long filter bags.
